Obesity, a global scourge, has deleterious effects on health because it is associated in the long term with multiple and severe complications. Frequent metabolic and hemodynamic complications combine to form the metabolic syndrome: glycoregulation disorders, dyslipidemia, hypertension, coagulation disorders, hyperuricemia, the common factor of which is hyperinsulinemia and the consequences in terms of atherosclerosis and particularly severe vascular accidents. These complications occur mainly in the middle part of life. In the light of these data, in this protocol carried out in a sample of subjects followed in consultation for obesity, we aimed at ass essing the metabolic profile in order to establish the correlation between certain parameters of the metabolic syndrome and overweight.

A significant portion of the agricultural produce in the countries and the world over become unfit for human consumption due to mycotoxins contamination of grains and cereals. The main toxic effects are carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, teratogenicity, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, reproductive disorders and imunosuppression. This study was done to identify the molds and aflatoxins that contaminate cereal–based baby foods and corn–based snacks products. The most frequent fungal genera found in the samples were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria, Fusariumand Cladosporium with frequencies of 41, 16, 10, 8 and 3%, respectively. Additionally, the numbers of contaminated cereal–based baby foods samples with AFB1, B2, G1 and G2 were 14, 2, 6 and 4%. Also, 34, 14, 18 and 8% of corn-based snack samples respectively. Ten essentials oils of (cinnamon, cumin, clove, fennel, garlic, lemon grass, marjoram, peppermint, rosemary and thyme) plants using in combating aflatoxigenic mold A. flavus growth and its aflatoxins production. The ten essential oils showed notable inhibitory effects on A. flavus growth and its aflatoxins production. Cinnamon and garlic essential oils caused complete inhibition to all types of aflatoxins at concentrations of 60 and 80μl respectively. There were some alterations produced by cinnamon, garlic and cumin essential oils at sub-lethal inhibitory concentrations such as abnormal cell shape, leakage of cell wall and the membranous organelles were disrupted.

The T2D is by far the most common form of diabetes in the world. The development of diabetes is usually characterized by frequent and disabling complications. Pre-diabetes is the bed of type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D often associates insulin resistance and insulinopenia. Insulin resistance which is associated at intolerance of glucose is the main characteristic of pre-diabetes. On the basis of these data, we wanted to study the metabolic characteristics of carbohydrate intolerant subjects to assess the risk of type 2 diabetes. The results of our study shows that all elements of the carbohydrate balance are in favor of an alteration of glycoregulation. Pre-diabetes therefore constitutes a risky metabolic profile and it is imperative to have an effective strategy to prevent or delay the transition from pre-diabetes to diabetes.

Introduction: Diet is often seen as the cornerstone of diabetes treatment. Objective: To evaluate and describe the food lifestyle of diabetics in the province of Kenitra. Material and Methods: The present study was conducted in kenitra, the sample studied was composed of 367 diabetics (73.6% of women, 26.4% of men), the age range was 19 to 80 years with an average of 49.42 ± 17.32. The data were collected by means of a questionnaire containing the socio-demographic information and the food lifestyle of the patients. Overweight and obesity were determined by the calculation of the Body Mass Index. Glycemic control was performed by three blood tests; Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) fasting capillary glucose and post-prandial blood glucose. Result: According to the table below, the total population (women and men) is overweight (24.76 ± 9.37 in men, 26.07 ± 5.94) and a non-glycemic profile balanced. 64% (235) follow a diet of which 71.4% (262) do not know the quantities to consume in this diet. 36% take three meals a day (breakfast and lunch) and more than 85% (313) of the population do not eat at fixed times. Conclusion: This study revealed some problems in the dietary lifestyle of these diabetics which may be the origin of the imbalance of their glycemic profile, and to be sure, a new study that evaluate the several causes of this imbalance glycemic profile is necessary.

Background: Predicting factors for the outcome of conventional Helicobacter pylori triple therapy have been enumerated. Among these, high clarithromycin resistance and smoking are predictors of treatment failure. What about sequential therapy? Aim: To detect predicting factors for the outcome of Helicobacter pylori eradication using sequential therapy and standard triple therapy. Methods: A total of 306 naive H. pylori-infected patients, were assigned randomly to one of two treatment groups: standard triple therapy [omeprazole + amoxicillin + clarithromycin for 7 days] or sequential therapy [omeprazole + amoxicillin for 5 days, followed by omeprazole + tinidazole + clarithromycin for an additional 5 days]. Age, sex, smoking, endoscopic and histological findings were considered as candidates for a model of multivariate analysis which used therapeutic outcome as the dependent variable. Results: The sequential scheme was statistically more effective than standard triple therapy. Smoking (P < 0.05) was significantly associated with the failure of triple therapy, but the effectiveness of sequential treatment was not predicted by this factor. Conclusion: Our data suggest that sequential therapy is not affected by a host factor (smoking), which has, until now, predicted the outcome of standard triple therapy.

The Post-surgical anastomotic oesophageal stenosis is usually benign, which may recur rapidly after several endoscopic dilations (refractory stenosis). The purpose of this work is to show, through an observation, the interest of the injection of the corticoids during the endoscopic treatment of refractory oesophageal stenosis. It was a patient who benefited from an esophagectomy of 2/3 inferior + oeso-gastric anastomosis after ingestion of hydrochloric acid (spirit of salt). The evolution was marked by the installation of a post-anastomotic stenosis recurring after several sessions of endoscopic dilations. The local injection of the corticosteroids (Triamcinolone) at the time of the dilation sessions, allowed a decrease in the frequency of the dilatations, a disappearance of the dysphagia, an improvement of the general state with a weight gain. The injection of corticosteroids was a good solution for this patient, to avoid endoscopic treatment failures, and to improve her quality of life.

The aminosalicylates have a direct local anti-inflammatory effect on the mucous membrane of the small intestine and colon. They have been used for many years in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), these are, generally, well tolerated, however, like all drugs; they may, in rare cases, cause Side effects.We report a patient with a distal ulcerative colitis who presented with acute pancreatitis under Pentasa® enema. Observation: This is a patient of 24 years old, without medical history, followed for a year for a distal ulcerative colitis. Initially he was treated by oral corticosteroids (Cortancyl 60mg); the steroid dose was tapered to 20mg with recurrence of clinical manifestations (diarrhea 08 stools / day + rectal syndrome), rectosigmoidoscopy indicates exacerbation of his illness. The decision was to put the patient on a dose of 60 mg Cortancyl associated with a local treatment with Pentasa enema to reduce the rectal syndrome. The patient presented 03 days after a violent epigastric pain radiating to the back associated with bilious vomiting, with laboratory showed a lipase 7x normal. The diagnosis of acute pancreatitis was retained with an abdominal CT scan after 48 hours that showed a normal sized homogeneous pancreas,(stage A of Balthazar), normal pancreas, acalcular gallbladder, and no intra or extra hepatic bile duct dilatation. The calcium and triglyceride were normal, IgG4 was also normal. The patient was strictly fasted for 48 hours and the Pentasa® enema suspended. Evolution: The evolution was marked by the disappearance of pain and vomiting with normalization of lipase and enteral nutrition was retained without any difficulties. The diagnosis is pancreatitis in 5-ASA.Conclusion: The acute pancreatitis secondary to aminosalicylates is a very rare complication. In our case, taking the Pentasa® enema for 03 days was sufficient to cause acute inflammation of the pancreas.